Antibiotic penetration in the male urinary tract: a critical review of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evidence - PubMed
4 hours ago
- #Male Urinary Tract Infections
- #Antibiotic Penetration
- #Pharmacokinetics
- Beta-lactams achieve effective concentrations in prostate tissue, testes, and urine, but limited levels in prostatic secretions.
- Fosfomycin reaches therapeutic concentrations in prostate tissue, prostatic secretions, seminal fluid, bladder tissue, and urine.
- Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is effective in prostate tissue, testes, and urine; only trimethoprim reaches effective levels in prostatic secretions and seminal fluid.
- Fluoroquinolones have the most favorable profile, achieving therapeutic concentrations across all male urinary tract sites with excellent intracellular diffusion and antibiofilm activity.
- Aminoglycosides show high concentrations in kidneys and urine, but their pharmacokinetics in prostate and testes remain poorly characterized.
- Nitrofurantoin has low plasma concentration and limited tissue distribution.
- Azithromycin and doxycycline exhibit significant concentrations in prostatic tissue.
- Further research is needed to enhance understanding of antibiotic pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in the male urinary tract, especially amid growing antibiotic resistance.