Targeting Type 2 and Non-type 2 Asthma: Emerging Biologics and Personalized Strategies - PubMed
3 hours ago
- #Asthma Biologics
- #Personalized Therapy
- #Inflammatory Endotypes
- Asthma is a serious global health problem with significant morbidity, classified into Type 2 (Th2/ILC2-mediated, eosinophilic) and Type 1 (Th1-mediated, neutrophilic, steroid-resistant) inflammatory types.
- Current biologics effectively control severe Type 2 asthma, including anti-IgE, anti-IL-5, anti-IL-4/IL-13, and anti-TSLP therapies.
- Emerging therapies for Type 1 and mixed phenotypes involve anti-TNF-α agents, CXCR2 antagonists, IL-17 blockers, JAK-STAT inhibitors, microbiome-based approaches, and upstream epithelial cytokine-targeting therapies like anti-TSLP agents.
- Dual or broad-spectrum strategies, such as bispecific antibodies and endotype-guided biologic selection, are being developed for more targeted interventions.
- Challenges in asthma management include high costs, limited accessibility, lack of robust biomarkers, and potential immunosuppression risks, with effective treatments for Type 1 and steroid-resistant asthma remaining limited.
- Future directions focus on multi-omics, machine learning, and gene therapy to optimize personalized therapy and develop inclusive strategies for diverse inflammatory endotypes.