The Dual Role of Interleukin-6 in the Pathophysiology of Skeletal Muscle: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Therapeutic Prospects - PubMed
3 hours ago
- #Interleukin-6
- #Skeletal Muscle
- #Therapeutic Strategy
- IL-6 acts as a myokine during acute exercise, regulating energy metabolism, insulin sensitivity, muscle regeneration, and hypertrophy, contributing to exercise benefits.
- In pathological conditions like cancer cachexia and chronic inflammatory diseases, persistently high IL-6 levels drive muscle atrophy, metabolic disorders, and functional decline.
- IL-6 signaling involves pathways such as JAK/STAT, gp130, MAPK, and PI3K-Akt, with distinct effects from classical vs. trans-signaling, regulated by mechanisms like the Piezo1/KLF15 axis and oxidative stress.
- Research challenges include cell specificity, temporal regulation complexity, defining physiological vs. pathological IL-6 concentrations, model discrepancies, and functional plasticity across pathologies.
- Therapeutic prospects targeting IL-6 include monoclonal antibodies, JAK/STAT inhibitors, gp130 modulators, exercise, and nutritional strategies for muscle atrophy and metabolic diseases.