Next-generation CAR-T therapies: From personalized anti-cancer drugs to broadly applicable disease-modifying treatments - PubMed
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- #Immunotherapy
- #CAR-T therapy
- #Gene editing
- CAR-T therapy is evolving in two main directions: Allogeneic CAR-T and In vivo CAR-T.
- Allogeneic CAR-T uses gene editing (e.g., TCR/HLA knockout) and non-gene editing strategies to overcome immune incompatibility, enabling off-the-shelf production.
- In vivo CAR-T leverages engineered viral vectors and targeted lipid nanoparticles for in situ reprogramming of T cells, eliminating ex vivo processing.
- These advancements are expanding CAR-T applications beyond hematological malignancies to autoimmune diseases (e.g., lupus, multiple sclerosis) and other conditions (e.g., fibrosis, HIV/AIDS).
- Challenges include insufficient persistence of allogeneic CAR-T and imprecise delivery of in vivo CAR-T, with ongoing advancements aiming to improve efficacy and accessibility.