Inflammatory cytokine alterations in autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and network meta-analysis - PubMed
4 hours ago
- #Immune Dysregulation
- #Cytokine Biomarkers
- #Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- This study conducted a network meta-analysis comparing inflammatory cytokine profiles in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and healthy controls (HC).
- Results showed distinct immune dysregulation: individuals with ASD had elevated levels of CRP, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, and BDNF compared to HC, while those with ADHD had lower levels of TNF-α, IL-2, and MCP-1.
- Pairwise meta-analysis revealed additional elevated cytokines in ASD, including IL-4, IL-7, IL-12, IL-1α, MIP-1β, eotaxin, and GM-CSF, but no significant differences were found between ADHD and HC for these markers.
- Meta-regression analysis indicated that age and sex may influence certain inflammatory markers, suggesting demographic factors could affect cytokine levels.
- The findings highlight differing immune patterns between ASD and ADHD, with ASD showing broader cytokine alterations and ADHD involving decreases in specific factors, emphasizing the need for further large-scale validation studies.