Pathogen-Specific Evasion of Innate Immunity by Alphaviruses (CHIKV, VEEV, and SINV) - PubMed
3 hours ago
- #Immune Evasion
- #Innate Immunity
- #Alphaviruses
- Alphaviruses like CHIKV, VEEV, and SINV evade host innate immunity, especially the Type I Interferon (IFN-I) system, to cause disease.
- Common evasion strategies include forming membrane-bound replication factories to hide viral RNA and NSP1-mediated mRNA capping to mimic host transcripts.
- Virus-specific tactics involve NSP2; CHIKV cleaves MAVS and degrades STAT2, VEEV degrades STAT1, while SINV uses a global shutdown of host gene expression.
- These molecular evasion mechanisms correlate with varying pathogenic outcomes among the viruses.
- Adaptation differs between vertebrate hosts (suppressing IFN) and invertebrate vectors (evading RNAi).
- Understanding these strategies is crucial for developing broad-spectrum antivirals and next-generation vaccines.