Neuroinflammation and mononuclear phagocytes in glaucoma: From ocular pathogenesis to central visual pathway involvement - A comprehensive review - PubMed
3 hours ago
- #neuroinflammation
- #immunomodulation
- #glaucoma
- Neuroinflammation is key in glaucoma, driving retinal ganglion cell and axonal degeneration.
- Resident immune cells in the retina and optic nerve head, along with infiltrating monocytes, amplify local inflammation.
- Potential immunomodulatory therapies include targeting NLRP3 inflammasome, TNF-α, TLRs, P2X7 receptor, APOE/TREM2 axis, and microglial phenotypes.
- Glaucoma is viewed as a neuroinflammatory disease affecting central visual pathways like the optic nerve, lateral geniculate nucleus, and visual cortex.
- Central glial activation may spread neurodegeneration, but macrophage infiltration's role in central pathways needs further study.