In 2025, significant progress was made in convincing stakeholders that Europe must reduce dependency on US cloud providers, but practical action remains lacking.
Governments and enterprises are bound to US clouds, with little incentive to change; IT procurement is disconnected from political policies.
European cloud providers are not offering competitive alternatives to AWS/Azure/Google; they focus on lower-end services.
The EuroStack initiative has been effective in raising awareness, but buyers and sellers are not moving.