Hasty Briefsbeta

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Europe is ready to ditch US tech for private alternatives
2 hours ago
- Large majorities in the UK, Germany, and France believe their countries are dependent on US tech companies, with over 80% concerned about this reliance.
- 74% of publicly listed companies in Europe use US-based services like Google and Microsoft, highlighting deep economic dependence.
- 73% of Europeans think their societies are too dependent on US tech, with 83% of them concerned about this dependence.
- 54% of Europeans who follow the news prefer European alternatives to US digital services, influenced by geopolitical tensions.
- Stronger data privacy protections are the top reason for preferring European tech alternatives, cited by 66% of respondents.
- Proton has seen significant increases in user adoption across Europe, with signups rising by over 100% in Denmark.
- 65% of Germans, 80% of French, and 74% of British respondents believe Europe is very or extremely dependent on US tech, with high levels of concern.
- 53% of Germans, 56% of French, and 55% of British news followers prefer European digital services due to transatlantic tensions.
- Security against hacking and fraud is extremely important to 67% of Germans, 70% of British, and 61% of French respondents.
- European governments are increasingly concerned about US control over their digital infrastructure, with initiatives like EuroStack gaining traction.
Ppisp: Cleaner Representations of Gaussian Splats and NeRFs
2 hours ago
- Multi-view 3D reconstruction is sensitive to photometric inconsistencies caused by camera characteristics and ISP variations.
- Existing methods lack physical grounding and generalize poorly to novel views.
- Proposed PPISP module disentangles camera-intrinsic and capture-dependent effects using physically based transformations.
- PPISP controller predicts ISP parameters for novel views, similar to auto exposure and white balance in real cameras.
- PPISP achieves state-of-the-art performance on benchmarks and supports metadata integration.
- The pipeline includes exposure offset, chromatic vignetting, linear color correction, and non-linear camera response function.
- PPISP improves reconstruction quality by explaining photometric variations as non-geometric artifacts.
- Controller module predicts per-frame parameters for novel views, unlike methods that optimize only on training views.
- Combination of photometric compensation and control enhances the quality and likeness of rendered novel views.
Mark Zuckerberg testifies at landmark social media addiction trial
3 hours ago
- Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg is testifying in a trial that could determine if social media platforms are liable for harming children.
- The trial involves over 1,600 plaintiffs, including families and school districts, accusing platforms like Instagram, YouTube, TikTok, and Snap of designing addictive products harmful to young users.
- Section 230 has historically shielded social media platforms from liability for user-posted content.
- TikTok and Snap settled with the first plaintiff, K.G.M., a minor who claims social media addiction worsened her mental health.
- Plaintiffs allege social media companies deliberately made platforms addictive for profit.
- Instagram head Adam Mosseri defended the platform, denying intentional engineering for addiction.
- Attorney Matt Bergman called Zuckerberg's testimony a significant moment for families seeking accountability.
- Parents outside the courtroom displayed photos of their children, emphasizing the personal impact of the case.
- Zuckerberg previously apologized to parents during a Senate hearing on online child safety.
Making Nintendo DS ROMs with Rust
2 hours ago
- The project initially aimed to make games with Rust for Game Boy Color but shifted to Nintendo DS due to technical challenges.
- LLVM lacks a backend for Game Boy Color's CPU, leading to a messy workaround involving C code conversion.
- Switched focus to Game Boy Advance but encountered hardware issues (yellowed case, corroded batteries).
- Found Nintendo DS Lite but had to buy a charger; top screen was cracked.
- Limited resources for making Nintendo DS ROMs with Rust, mostly finding unrelated rust issues with cartridges.
- Followed similar steps to compiling GBA ROMs: build object, link, make executable, create ROM.
- Used BlocksDS for building ROMs and programming; considered making bindgen crate for nds library.
- Targeted ARM9 processor for game development; set up project with cargo init --lib and configured cargo.toml.
- Required nightly Rust for building with -Zbuild-std=core; used release builds to avoid bloated debug builds.
- Added placeholder panic handler and main function in lib.rs for nostd environment.
- Linked using arm-none-eabi-gcc from BlocksDS, utilizing nds library and dsarm9 specs file.
- Final step involved using ndstool to create ROM from ARM9 executable and prebuilt ARM7 executable.
- Explored using Rust stdlib with a small allocator leveraging malloc from C library included with libnds.
99% of adults over 40 have shoulder "abnormalities" on an MRI, study finds
2 hours ago
- Up to a third of people worldwide experience shoulder pain, making it one of the most common musculoskeletal complaints.
- A study in JAMA Internal Medicine found that 99% of adults over 40 had at least one rotator cuff abnormality on MRI, yet most had no shoulder symptoms.
- Common abnormalities included partial-thickness tears (62%), tendinopathy (25%), and full-thickness tears (11%), with prevalence increasing with age.
- The findings question the overuse of MRIs for diagnosing shoulder pain and highlight the issue of overtreating rotator cuff abnormalities.
- Researchers concluded that distinguishing clinically meaningful MRI abnormalities from incidental findings is currently challenging.
Learning Lean: Part 1
3 days ago
- The author is motivated by the movement to popularize mathematics formalization using Lean, highlighting its benefits like error detection and reduced need for trust among collaborators.
- Formalization allows mathematicians to focus on intuition and motivation in their writing, rather than mechanical verification of details, which is especially valuable in the era of Large Language Models (LLMs).
- The author envisions future collaboration between mathematicians and AI, where AI helps with high-level proof strategies and Lean handles formal proofs, leading to papers that focus on the 'story' of the proof.
- The author shares their background: a PhD in mathematics with a focus on algebra, number theory, and combinatorics, followed by a career in software engineering, particularly in web front-end development.
- The author discusses the challenges of learning Lean, especially due to the need for understanding foundations like type theory and logic, which are less familiar to many mathematicians.
- The author compares learning Lean to engaging with a classic foreign language text, requiring knowledge of multiple deep and independent bodies of knowledge.
- The author completed the Natural Number Game and the Set Game online, which provided a good introduction to Lean.
- The author describes the three-level hierarchy in Lean: terms, types, and universes, and the challenges of understanding their interactions.
- The author notes the syntactic confusion in Lean due to the blending of type and term worlds, unlike in languages like TypeScript where they are more distinct.
- The author discusses the optional naming and typing in Lean, which can be confusing for beginners.
- The author shares their initial struggles with numeric literals and type classes in Lean, drawing parallels to their early experiences with Haskell.
- The author reflects on the practical differences between theory and practice in Lean, particularly the separation of Prop and Type universes.
- The author lists remaining questions about Lean, including definitional equality, Prop vs Decidable, and the difference between #eval and #reduce.
- The author expresses awe at how Lean, with its small set of foundational constructs, can build all of known mathematics.
- The author thanks the Lean Zulip community for their help and mentions using Claude for simpler questions but relying on experts for more complex ones.
DNS-Persist-01: A New Model for DNS-Based Challenge Validation
3 hours ago
- Let’s Encrypt introduces DNS-PERSIST-01, a new ACME challenge type for certificate validation.
- DNS-PERSIST-01 replaces the temporary tokens of DNS-01 with a persistent authorization record.
- The new method reduces operational costs by eliminating frequent DNS updates and propagation delays.
- Authorization is bound to a specific ACME account and CA, enhancing security by limiting DNS credential distribution.
- DNS-PERSIST-01 supports wildcard certificates and includes scope controls with optional parameters like policy=wildcard.
- Subscribers can set a persistUntil timestamp to limit authorization duration, requiring updates before expiration.
- Multiple CAs can be authorized simultaneously by publishing multiple TXT records under the same DNS label.
- The method was standardized by the CA/Browser Forum and IETF ACME working group in October 2025.
- Pebble, Let’s Encrypt's test CA software, already supports DNS-PERSIST-01, with client implementations in progress.
- Staging rollout is planned for late Q1 2026, with production expected in Q2 2026.
Show HN: Echo, an iOS SSH+mosh client built on Ghostty
2 hours ago
- Echo is a fast, modern SSH client for iOS and iPadOS, designed for rich terminal-based tools and AI coding agents.
- Built from the ground up as a native app, Echo features Metal-accelerated rendering, native Keychain integration, and Face ID for security.
- Optimized for iPhone with a custom keyboard toolbar and gesture-based arrow keys, and for iPad with full hardware keyboard support, Split View, and Stage Manager.
- Integrates Ghostty's terminal engine for high performance and beautiful rendering of complex TUIs and AI agent interfaces.
- Includes a curated collection of terminal themes for customization, with more to be added over time.
- Available as a one-time purchase of $2.99 on the App Store, with no subscriptions or in-app purchases.
Cosmologically Unique IDs
2 hours ago
- Exploration of unique ID assignment for devices across the universe.
- Comparison of random ID assignment (probabilistic uniqueness) vs. deterministic schemes.
- Random IDs: Simple, scalable, with collision probabilities made negligible by increasing bit size.
- Deterministic IDs: Centralized and decentralized schemes (Dewey, Binary, Token) with varying growth characteristics.
- Proof that any deterministic scheme must grow linearly in the worst-case.
- Simulations of ID assignment schemes under different growth models (Random, Preferential, Fitness).
- Large-scale modeling of human expansion across galaxies and its impact on ID length.
- Conclusion: Random IDs with sufficient bits (e.g., 798) are practical for universal uniqueness.
- Security considerations: Signatures for verification and error correction for robustness.
- Philosophical and practical challenges (e.g., Ship of Theseus problem, object identity).
Trump will kill Netflix's bid for Warner and help Paramount win
3 hours ago
- Trump's attempt to censor Stephen Colbert backfired, leading to more views of the Talarico interview on YouTube.
- Netflix is unlikely to successfully acquire Warner Bros. Discovery, potentially paving the way for Paramount-SkyDance to take over Warner.
- A Paramount-SkyDance acquisition of Warner could give Trump and allies control over CBS News, CNN, HBO, and other media properties.
- CBS executives preemptively censored Colbert due to pressure from FCC Chair Brendan Carr, fearing Republican losses in the Senate.
- Trump's influence over media could grow significantly if the Paramount-Warner merger succeeds, consolidating control over CBS, CNN, and Fox.
- Public comment periods and opposition from figures like Stephen King have previously blocked mergers, offering hope to stop the Paramount-Warner deal.
- Activists are urged to oppose the merger to prevent Trump from gaining excessive control over U.S. legacy media.
How LLM agents endanger open-source projects
8 hours ago
- LLM agents pose a threat to open-source projects by reducing traffic to documentation, impacting revenue streams.
- Aggressive AI crawlers from companies like Amazon overload servers, increasing bandwidth costs and destabilizing services.
- Tools like Anubis and Nepenthes have been developed to protect against unwanted LLM crawlers by requiring computer puzzles or creating fake content labyrinths.
- LLM-generated bug reports, often containing fabricated vulnerabilities, waste maintainers' time and resources.
- AI agents have attempted to discredit open-source maintainers, undermining trust and reputation in the community.
- The rise of autonomous LLM agents challenges systems of reputation, identity, and trust, with companies and users shirking responsibility for their actions.
Nature: The political effects of X's feed algorithm
3 hours ago
- Feed algorithms on X (formerly Twitter) shift political opinions towards more conservative positions, particularly on policy priorities, views on Trump investigations, and the war in Ukraine.
- Switching from a chronological to an algorithmic feed increases engagement and promotes conservative content, while switching back has no significant effect.
- The algorithm promotes conservative content and demotes traditional media posts, leading users to follow conservative activist accounts persistently.
- Effects are asymmetric: turning the algorithm on influences political attitudes, but turning it off does not reverse these changes.
- No significant impact on affective polarization or partisanship was observed from algorithm changes.
- The study was conducted independently of X, using a randomized field experiment with active US-based users over 7 weeks in 2023.
- Results suggest that initial exposure to algorithmic content has lasting effects on political attitudes and online behavior.
Warren Buffett dumps $1.7B of Amazon stock
3 hours ago
- Berkshire Hathaway reduced its Amazon stake by 77%, selling 7.7 million shares worth $1.7 billion.
- Opened a new position in New York Times, purchasing 5 million shares (~$352M), boosting NYT stock by 10%.
- Reduced Apple holdings to 1.5%, signaling a retreat from large tech names.
- Expanded stakes in Chubb (insurance) and Chevron (energy), reflecting a shift to recession-resistant sectors.
- Acquired Occidental Petroleum's petrochemical business for $9.7B and built a $5.6B position in Google.
- Strategic adjustments suggest Berkshire is preparing for a potential economic downturn.
Type-based alias analysis in the Toy Optimizer
2 days ago
- Introduction to type-based alias analysis (TBAA) in the Toy Optimizer series.
- Use of hierarchical heap effect representation for improved alias analysis.
- Implementation of range overlap checks for type-based aliasing.
- Integration of TBAA into load-store forwarding optimization.
- Handling of allocation site information for better alias analysis.
- Discussion on conservative vs. precise invalidation strategies.
- Use of known function effects to minimize invalidation.
- Trade-offs between analysis precision and optimization speed.
The Worst-Case Future for White-Collar Workers
5 hours ago
- White-collar workers are facing increasing job insecurity due to AI automation, with record unemployment rates among college graduates.
- AI-driven changes in the labor market could lead to structural unemployment, where workers' skills no longer match job demands.
- Traditional economic recovery measures may fail if AI eliminates large swaths of white-collar jobs, leading to prolonged unemployment.
- The unemployment insurance system is ill-equipped to support high-earning white-collar workers, potentially exacerbating economic inequality.
- The potential rise of universal basic income (UBI) as a solution is debated, with concerns about its feasibility and societal impact.
- Long-term unemployment could lead to significant social and mental health issues, mirroring past declines in blue-collar communities.
- The future may see a divide between a hyper-wealthy techno-oligarchy and a disenfranchised underclass, with uncertain cultural adjustments.
No food, no fuel, no tourists: Under US pressure, life in Cuba grinds to a halt
4 hours ago
- Mandy Pruna recalls the tourism boom in Cuba after Obama restored US-Cuba relations in 2015, with celebrities like Will Smith and Rihanna taking classic car tours.
- Cuba is now facing severe economic uncertainty due to US sanctions, leading to fuel shortages and a collapse in tourism.
- The Trump administration cut off oil supplies to Cuba, aiming to force political and economic reforms on the communist-run island.
- Fuel shortages have led to school closures, worker furloughs, and canceled flights, with hotels and businesses shutting down.
- The annual Habanos cigar festival was canceled, and Sherrit International paused mining operations in Cuba due to the crisis.
- Hospitals have reduced services, and trash piles up due to a lack of fuel and functioning dump trucks.
- Power cuts are frequent, leaving Havana in darkness at night, with residents discussing survival strategies.
- US officials, including Marco Rubio, demand Cuba open its economy, while Cuban-American politicians push for a total aid cutoff.
- Cuba relies heavily on imported food, but supply chains are breaking down, worsening shortages.
- President Miguel Diaz-Canel urges Cubans to 'resist creatively' and adopt a wartime mentality amid the crisis.
- Classic car driver Mandy Pruna considers emigrating to Spain as tourism collapses, leaving no future in Cuba.
Tesla announces Powerwall 3P with native three-phase inverter
4 hours ago
- Tesla announced the Powerwall 3P, a new home battery variant with a built-in three-phase inverter, simplifying installations for European homes.
- Previously, European homeowners needed up to three separate Powerwalls for whole-home backup on three-phase grids, increasing cost and complexity.
- The Powerwall 3P consolidates three-phase support into a single unit, balancing loads across all phases simultaneously.
- Tesla has not released detailed specs or pricing for the 3P, but the standard Powerwall 3 offers 13.5 kWh capacity and 11.5 kW continuous output.
- The Powerwall 3P optimizes energy use by analyzing consumption, solar production, weather forecasts, and dynamic electricity tariffs.
- Tesla's energy division is growing, with record energy storage deployments (46.7 GWh in 2025) and strong revenue ($12.8 billion).
- Energy storage now accounts for 13% of Tesla's revenue and 23% of its gross profit, outperforming its declining vehicle sales.
- Tesla faces competition in Europe from Enphase, BYD, and Sonnen, which already offer three-phase solutions.
- The Powerwall 3P's key advantage is simplification—one unit for three-phase support—potentially undercutting rivals on installed cost.
- Tesla's brand issues and recent recalls (10,000+ Powerwalls) may impact adoption, but the 3P addresses a long-standing market need.
In Argentina, locals are taking loans to buy food
4 hours ago
- Argentinians are taking loans, selling belongings, and using credit cards to afford basic necessities like food.
- Diego Nacasio, a full-time salesman, and his wife struggle to make ends meet despite both working full-time jobs.
- Nearly half of Argentinians rely on savings, loans, or selling items to cover basic expenses.
- President Javier Milei's austerity measures aim for fiscal balance but have led to stagnant wages and business closures.
- Inflation remains a critical issue, with controversial measures keeping it artificially low while real prices soar.
- Economic disparities are widening, with some sectors thriving while others struggle to afford food and medicine.
- Many Argentinians resort to informal loans, bulk buying, and multiple jobs to survive.
- Credit card usage for groceries has hit record highs, alongside rising loan defaults.
- A proposed bill aims to help low-income families consolidate debts, but deeper structural changes are needed.
- Despite hardships, some families consider themselves fortunate to own homes, avoiding additional rental costs.
Tailscale Peer Relays is now generally available
4 hours ago
- Tailscale Peer Relays is now generally available (GA), offering customer-deployed, high-throughput relaying.
- Improvements include better throughput, especially with many clients, and more efficient packet handling.
- Static endpoints are introduced for restrictive cloud environments, enabling connectivity behind firewalls and load balancers.
- Enhanced visibility and auditability with integration into Tailscale’s tooling, including metrics for monitoring.
- Peer Relays support high-throughput, low-latency connections in restricted environments and enable full mesh deployments.
- Available on all Tailscale plans, including the free Personal plan, with support for incremental deployment.
Gemini can now create music
5 hours ago
- Gemini app introduces custom music generation with Lyria 3, Google DeepMind’s latest generative music model.
- Users can create high-quality tracks by describing an idea or uploading a photo, with lyrics generated based on prompts.
- Lyria 3 offers improved audio generation with no need for user-provided lyrics, more creative control, and more realistic tracks.
- Features include text-to-track and photo/video-to-track options, creating 30-second tracks with custom cover art.
- Lyria 3 is also available on YouTube’s Dream Track for creators to enhance Shorts soundtracks.
- All generated tracks include SynthID, an imperceptible watermark for identifying AI-generated content.
- Gemini app now includes audio verification capabilities alongside image and video.
- Google emphasizes responsible AI development, with measures to avoid mimicking existing artists and respect copyright.
- Lyria 3 is available for users 18+ in multiple languages, with plans for further expansion.
- Google AI Plus, Pro, and Ultra subscribers enjoy higher usage limits.

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Europe is ready to ditch US tech for private alternatives
2 hours ago
- Large majorities in the UK, Germany, and France believe their countries are dependent on US tech companies, with over 80% concerned about this reliance.
- 74% of publicly listed companies in Europe use US-based services like Google and Microsoft, highlighting deep economic dependence.
- 73% of Europeans think their societies are too dependent on US tech, with 83% of them concerned about this dependence.
- 54% of Europeans who follow the news prefer European alternatives to US digital services, influenced by geopolitical tensions.
- Stronger data privacy protections are the top reason for preferring European tech alternatives, cited by 66% of respondents.
- Proton has seen significant increases in user adoption across Europe, with signups rising by over 100% in Denmark.
- 65% of Germans, 80% of French, and 74% of British respondents believe Europe is very or extremely dependent on US tech, with high levels of concern.
- 53% of Germans, 56% of French, and 55% of British news followers prefer European digital services due to transatlantic tensions.
- Security against hacking and fraud is extremely important to 67% of Germans, 70% of British, and 61% of French respondents.
- European governments are increasingly concerned about US control over their digital infrastructure, with initiatives like EuroStack gaining traction.
Ppisp: Cleaner Representations of Gaussian Splats and NeRFs
2 hours ago
- Multi-view 3D reconstruction is sensitive to photometric inconsistencies caused by camera characteristics and ISP variations.
- Existing methods lack physical grounding and generalize poorly to novel views.
- Proposed PPISP module disentangles camera-intrinsic and capture-dependent effects using physically based transformations.
- PPISP controller predicts ISP parameters for novel views, similar to auto exposure and white balance in real cameras.
- PPISP achieves state-of-the-art performance on benchmarks and supports metadata integration.
- The pipeline includes exposure offset, chromatic vignetting, linear color correction, and non-linear camera response function.
- PPISP improves reconstruction quality by explaining photometric variations as non-geometric artifacts.
- Controller module predicts per-frame parameters for novel views, unlike methods that optimize only on training views.
- Combination of photometric compensation and control enhances the quality and likeness of rendered novel views.
Mark Zuckerberg testifies at landmark social media addiction trial
3 hours ago
- Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg is testifying in a trial that could determine if social media platforms are liable for harming children.
- The trial involves over 1,600 plaintiffs, including families and school districts, accusing platforms like Instagram, YouTube, TikTok, and Snap of designing addictive products harmful to young users.
- Section 230 has historically shielded social media platforms from liability for user-posted content.
- TikTok and Snap settled with the first plaintiff, K.G.M., a minor who claims social media addiction worsened her mental health.
- Plaintiffs allege social media companies deliberately made platforms addictive for profit.
- Instagram head Adam Mosseri defended the platform, denying intentional engineering for addiction.
- Attorney Matt Bergman called Zuckerberg's testimony a significant moment for families seeking accountability.
- Parents outside the courtroom displayed photos of their children, emphasizing the personal impact of the case.
- Zuckerberg previously apologized to parents during a Senate hearing on online child safety.
Making Nintendo DS ROMs with Rust
2 hours ago
- The project initially aimed to make games with Rust for Game Boy Color but shifted to Nintendo DS due to technical challenges.
- LLVM lacks a backend for Game Boy Color's CPU, leading to a messy workaround involving C code conversion.
- Switched focus to Game Boy Advance but encountered hardware issues (yellowed case, corroded batteries).
- Found Nintendo DS Lite but had to buy a charger; top screen was cracked.
- Limited resources for making Nintendo DS ROMs with Rust, mostly finding unrelated rust issues with cartridges.
- Followed similar steps to compiling GBA ROMs: build object, link, make executable, create ROM.
- Used BlocksDS for building ROMs and programming; considered making bindgen crate for nds library.
- Targeted ARM9 processor for game development; set up project with cargo init --lib and configured cargo.toml.
- Required nightly Rust for building with -Zbuild-std=core; used release builds to avoid bloated debug builds.
- Added placeholder panic handler and main function in lib.rs for nostd environment.
- Linked using arm-none-eabi-gcc from BlocksDS, utilizing nds library and dsarm9 specs file.
- Final step involved using ndstool to create ROM from ARM9 executable and prebuilt ARM7 executable.
- Explored using Rust stdlib with a small allocator leveraging malloc from C library included with libnds.
99% of adults over 40 have shoulder "abnormalities" on an MRI, study finds
2 hours ago
- Up to a third of people worldwide experience shoulder pain, making it one of the most common musculoskeletal complaints.
- A study in JAMA Internal Medicine found that 99% of adults over 40 had at least one rotator cuff abnormality on MRI, yet most had no shoulder symptoms.
- Common abnormalities included partial-thickness tears (62%), tendinopathy (25%), and full-thickness tears (11%), with prevalence increasing with age.
- The findings question the overuse of MRIs for diagnosing shoulder pain and highlight the issue of overtreating rotator cuff abnormalities.
- Researchers concluded that distinguishing clinically meaningful MRI abnormalities from incidental findings is currently challenging.
Learning Lean: Part 1
3 days ago
- The author is motivated by the movement to popularize mathematics formalization using Lean, highlighting its benefits like error detection and reduced need for trust among collaborators.
- Formalization allows mathematicians to focus on intuition and motivation in their writing, rather than mechanical verification of details, which is especially valuable in the era of Large Language Models (LLMs).
- The author envisions future collaboration between mathematicians and AI, where AI helps with high-level proof strategies and Lean handles formal proofs, leading to papers that focus on the 'story' of the proof.
- The author shares their background: a PhD in mathematics with a focus on algebra, number theory, and combinatorics, followed by a career in software engineering, particularly in web front-end development.
- The author discusses the challenges of learning Lean, especially due to the need for understanding foundations like type theory and logic, which are less familiar to many mathematicians.
- The author compares learning Lean to engaging with a classic foreign language text, requiring knowledge of multiple deep and independent bodies of knowledge.
- The author completed the Natural Number Game and the Set Game online, which provided a good introduction to Lean.
- The author describes the three-level hierarchy in Lean: terms, types, and universes, and the challenges of understanding their interactions.
- The author notes the syntactic confusion in Lean due to the blending of type and term worlds, unlike in languages like TypeScript where they are more distinct.
- The author discusses the optional naming and typing in Lean, which can be confusing for beginners.
- The author shares their initial struggles with numeric literals and type classes in Lean, drawing parallels to their early experiences with Haskell.
- The author reflects on the practical differences between theory and practice in Lean, particularly the separation of Prop and Type universes.
- The author lists remaining questions about Lean, including definitional equality, Prop vs Decidable, and the difference between #eval and #reduce.
- The author expresses awe at how Lean, with its small set of foundational constructs, can build all of known mathematics.
- The author thanks the Lean Zulip community for their help and mentions using Claude for simpler questions but relying on experts for more complex ones.
DNS-Persist-01: A New Model for DNS-Based Challenge Validation
3 hours ago
- Let’s Encrypt introduces DNS-PERSIST-01, a new ACME challenge type for certificate validation.
- DNS-PERSIST-01 replaces the temporary tokens of DNS-01 with a persistent authorization record.
- The new method reduces operational costs by eliminating frequent DNS updates and propagation delays.
- Authorization is bound to a specific ACME account and CA, enhancing security by limiting DNS credential distribution.
- DNS-PERSIST-01 supports wildcard certificates and includes scope controls with optional parameters like policy=wildcard.
- Subscribers can set a persistUntil timestamp to limit authorization duration, requiring updates before expiration.
- Multiple CAs can be authorized simultaneously by publishing multiple TXT records under the same DNS label.
- The method was standardized by the CA/Browser Forum and IETF ACME working group in October 2025.
- Pebble, Let’s Encrypt's test CA software, already supports DNS-PERSIST-01, with client implementations in progress.
- Staging rollout is planned for late Q1 2026, with production expected in Q2 2026.
Show HN: Echo, an iOS SSH+mosh client built on Ghostty
2 hours ago
- Echo is a fast, modern SSH client for iOS and iPadOS, designed for rich terminal-based tools and AI coding agents.
- Built from the ground up as a native app, Echo features Metal-accelerated rendering, native Keychain integration, and Face ID for security.
- Optimized for iPhone with a custom keyboard toolbar and gesture-based arrow keys, and for iPad with full hardware keyboard support, Split View, and Stage Manager.
- Integrates Ghostty's terminal engine for high performance and beautiful rendering of complex TUIs and AI agent interfaces.
- Includes a curated collection of terminal themes for customization, with more to be added over time.
- Available as a one-time purchase of $2.99 on the App Store, with no subscriptions or in-app purchases.
Cosmologically Unique IDs
2 hours ago
- Exploration of unique ID assignment for devices across the universe.
- Comparison of random ID assignment (probabilistic uniqueness) vs. deterministic schemes.
- Random IDs: Simple, scalable, with collision probabilities made negligible by increasing bit size.
- Deterministic IDs: Centralized and decentralized schemes (Dewey, Binary, Token) with varying growth characteristics.
- Proof that any deterministic scheme must grow linearly in the worst-case.
- Simulations of ID assignment schemes under different growth models (Random, Preferential, Fitness).
- Large-scale modeling of human expansion across galaxies and its impact on ID length.
- Conclusion: Random IDs with sufficient bits (e.g., 798) are practical for universal uniqueness.
- Security considerations: Signatures for verification and error correction for robustness.
- Philosophical and practical challenges (e.g., Ship of Theseus problem, object identity).
Trump will kill Netflix's bid for Warner and help Paramount win
3 hours ago
- Trump's attempt to censor Stephen Colbert backfired, leading to more views of the Talarico interview on YouTube.
- Netflix is unlikely to successfully acquire Warner Bros. Discovery, potentially paving the way for Paramount-SkyDance to take over Warner.
- A Paramount-SkyDance acquisition of Warner could give Trump and allies control over CBS News, CNN, HBO, and other media properties.
- CBS executives preemptively censored Colbert due to pressure from FCC Chair Brendan Carr, fearing Republican losses in the Senate.
- Trump's influence over media could grow significantly if the Paramount-Warner merger succeeds, consolidating control over CBS, CNN, and Fox.
- Public comment periods and opposition from figures like Stephen King have previously blocked mergers, offering hope to stop the Paramount-Warner deal.
- Activists are urged to oppose the merger to prevent Trump from gaining excessive control over U.S. legacy media.
How LLM agents endanger open-source projects
8 hours ago
- LLM agents pose a threat to open-source projects by reducing traffic to documentation, impacting revenue streams.
- Aggressive AI crawlers from companies like Amazon overload servers, increasing bandwidth costs and destabilizing services.
- Tools like Anubis and Nepenthes have been developed to protect against unwanted LLM crawlers by requiring computer puzzles or creating fake content labyrinths.
- LLM-generated bug reports, often containing fabricated vulnerabilities, waste maintainers' time and resources.
- AI agents have attempted to discredit open-source maintainers, undermining trust and reputation in the community.
- The rise of autonomous LLM agents challenges systems of reputation, identity, and trust, with companies and users shirking responsibility for their actions.
Nature: The political effects of X's feed algorithm
3 hours ago
- Feed algorithms on X (formerly Twitter) shift political opinions towards more conservative positions, particularly on policy priorities, views on Trump investigations, and the war in Ukraine.
- Switching from a chronological to an algorithmic feed increases engagement and promotes conservative content, while switching back has no significant effect.
- The algorithm promotes conservative content and demotes traditional media posts, leading users to follow conservative activist accounts persistently.
- Effects are asymmetric: turning the algorithm on influences political attitudes, but turning it off does not reverse these changes.
- No significant impact on affective polarization or partisanship was observed from algorithm changes.
- The study was conducted independently of X, using a randomized field experiment with active US-based users over 7 weeks in 2023.
- Results suggest that initial exposure to algorithmic content has lasting effects on political attitudes and online behavior.
Warren Buffett dumps $1.7B of Amazon stock
3 hours ago
- Berkshire Hathaway reduced its Amazon stake by 77%, selling 7.7 million shares worth $1.7 billion.
- Opened a new position in New York Times, purchasing 5 million shares (~$352M), boosting NYT stock by 10%.
- Reduced Apple holdings to 1.5%, signaling a retreat from large tech names.
- Expanded stakes in Chubb (insurance) and Chevron (energy), reflecting a shift to recession-resistant sectors.
- Acquired Occidental Petroleum's petrochemical business for $9.7B and built a $5.6B position in Google.
- Strategic adjustments suggest Berkshire is preparing for a potential economic downturn.
Type-based alias analysis in the Toy Optimizer
2 days ago
- Introduction to type-based alias analysis (TBAA) in the Toy Optimizer series.
- Use of hierarchical heap effect representation for improved alias analysis.
- Implementation of range overlap checks for type-based aliasing.
- Integration of TBAA into load-store forwarding optimization.
- Handling of allocation site information for better alias analysis.
- Discussion on conservative vs. precise invalidation strategies.
- Use of known function effects to minimize invalidation.
- Trade-offs between analysis precision and optimization speed.
The Worst-Case Future for White-Collar Workers
5 hours ago
- White-collar workers are facing increasing job insecurity due to AI automation, with record unemployment rates among college graduates.
- AI-driven changes in the labor market could lead to structural unemployment, where workers' skills no longer match job demands.
- Traditional economic recovery measures may fail if AI eliminates large swaths of white-collar jobs, leading to prolonged unemployment.
- The unemployment insurance system is ill-equipped to support high-earning white-collar workers, potentially exacerbating economic inequality.
- The potential rise of universal basic income (UBI) as a solution is debated, with concerns about its feasibility and societal impact.
- Long-term unemployment could lead to significant social and mental health issues, mirroring past declines in blue-collar communities.
- The future may see a divide between a hyper-wealthy techno-oligarchy and a disenfranchised underclass, with uncertain cultural adjustments.
No food, no fuel, no tourists: Under US pressure, life in Cuba grinds to a halt
4 hours ago
- Mandy Pruna recalls the tourism boom in Cuba after Obama restored US-Cuba relations in 2015, with celebrities like Will Smith and Rihanna taking classic car tours.
- Cuba is now facing severe economic uncertainty due to US sanctions, leading to fuel shortages and a collapse in tourism.
- The Trump administration cut off oil supplies to Cuba, aiming to force political and economic reforms on the communist-run island.
- Fuel shortages have led to school closures, worker furloughs, and canceled flights, with hotels and businesses shutting down.
- The annual Habanos cigar festival was canceled, and Sherrit International paused mining operations in Cuba due to the crisis.
- Hospitals have reduced services, and trash piles up due to a lack of fuel and functioning dump trucks.
- Power cuts are frequent, leaving Havana in darkness at night, with residents discussing survival strategies.
- US officials, including Marco Rubio, demand Cuba open its economy, while Cuban-American politicians push for a total aid cutoff.
- Cuba relies heavily on imported food, but supply chains are breaking down, worsening shortages.
- President Miguel Diaz-Canel urges Cubans to 'resist creatively' and adopt a wartime mentality amid the crisis.
- Classic car driver Mandy Pruna considers emigrating to Spain as tourism collapses, leaving no future in Cuba.
Tesla announces Powerwall 3P with native three-phase inverter
4 hours ago
- Tesla announced the Powerwall 3P, a new home battery variant with a built-in three-phase inverter, simplifying installations for European homes.
- Previously, European homeowners needed up to three separate Powerwalls for whole-home backup on three-phase grids, increasing cost and complexity.
- The Powerwall 3P consolidates three-phase support into a single unit, balancing loads across all phases simultaneously.
- Tesla has not released detailed specs or pricing for the 3P, but the standard Powerwall 3 offers 13.5 kWh capacity and 11.5 kW continuous output.
- The Powerwall 3P optimizes energy use by analyzing consumption, solar production, weather forecasts, and dynamic electricity tariffs.
- Tesla's energy division is growing, with record energy storage deployments (46.7 GWh in 2025) and strong revenue ($12.8 billion).
- Energy storage now accounts for 13% of Tesla's revenue and 23% of its gross profit, outperforming its declining vehicle sales.
- Tesla faces competition in Europe from Enphase, BYD, and Sonnen, which already offer three-phase solutions.
- The Powerwall 3P's key advantage is simplification—one unit for three-phase support—potentially undercutting rivals on installed cost.
- Tesla's brand issues and recent recalls (10,000+ Powerwalls) may impact adoption, but the 3P addresses a long-standing market need.
In Argentina, locals are taking loans to buy food
4 hours ago
- Argentinians are taking loans, selling belongings, and using credit cards to afford basic necessities like food.
- Diego Nacasio, a full-time salesman, and his wife struggle to make ends meet despite both working full-time jobs.
- Nearly half of Argentinians rely on savings, loans, or selling items to cover basic expenses.
- President Javier Milei's austerity measures aim for fiscal balance but have led to stagnant wages and business closures.
- Inflation remains a critical issue, with controversial measures keeping it artificially low while real prices soar.
- Economic disparities are widening, with some sectors thriving while others struggle to afford food and medicine.
- Many Argentinians resort to informal loans, bulk buying, and multiple jobs to survive.
- Credit card usage for groceries has hit record highs, alongside rising loan defaults.
- A proposed bill aims to help low-income families consolidate debts, but deeper structural changes are needed.
- Despite hardships, some families consider themselves fortunate to own homes, avoiding additional rental costs.
Tailscale Peer Relays is now generally available
4 hours ago
- Tailscale Peer Relays is now generally available (GA), offering customer-deployed, high-throughput relaying.
- Improvements include better throughput, especially with many clients, and more efficient packet handling.
- Static endpoints are introduced for restrictive cloud environments, enabling connectivity behind firewalls and load balancers.
- Enhanced visibility and auditability with integration into Tailscale’s tooling, including metrics for monitoring.
- Peer Relays support high-throughput, low-latency connections in restricted environments and enable full mesh deployments.
- Available on all Tailscale plans, including the free Personal plan, with support for incremental deployment.
Gemini can now create music
5 hours ago
- Gemini app introduces custom music generation with Lyria 3, Google DeepMind’s latest generative music model.
- Users can create high-quality tracks by describing an idea or uploading a photo, with lyrics generated based on prompts.
- Lyria 3 offers improved audio generation with no need for user-provided lyrics, more creative control, and more realistic tracks.
- Features include text-to-track and photo/video-to-track options, creating 30-second tracks with custom cover art.
- Lyria 3 is also available on YouTube’s Dream Track for creators to enhance Shorts soundtracks.
- All generated tracks include SynthID, an imperceptible watermark for identifying AI-generated content.
- Gemini app now includes audio verification capabilities alongside image and video.
- Google emphasizes responsible AI development, with measures to avoid mimicking existing artists and respect copyright.
- Lyria 3 is available for users 18+ in multiple languages, with plans for further expansion.
- Google AI Plus, Pro, and Ultra subscribers enjoy higher usage limits.

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Tesla announces Powerwall 3P with native three-phase inverter

In Argentina, locals are taking loans to buy food

Tailscale Peer Relays is now generally available

Gemini can now create music