The burden of peptic ulcer disease in China, 1990-2021: update from the GBD 2021 study - PubMed

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Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) remains a significant digestive health concern in China, influenced by factors like Helicobacter pylori infection, NSAID use, and demographic changes.
From 1990 to 2021, China saw a 54.9% decrease in age-standardized incidence rate of PUD, a 73.7% decrease in mortality rate, and a 77.1% decrease in DALY rate.
Despite declines, the absolute burden of PUD remains substantial among adults aged ≥55 years, with males experiencing a higher burden than females.
Smoking was identified as the only quantified risk factor for PUD in the GBD attribution framework.
Decomposition analysis showed epidemiological changes contributed most to the decline, while population ageing partially offset reductions.
Projections suggest age-standardized rates may continue to decline through 2035 if current trends persist.
Continued reductions in PUD burden may benefit from sustained tobacco control and targeted prevention strategies for high-risk populations.

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