Microbial-derived 3-phenylpropionic acid orchestrates immune-progenitor cell crosstalk to promote beige adipogenesis and energy expenditure - PubMed
4 hours ago
- #microbiota
- #beige adipogenesis
- #energy expenditure
- Cold exposure induces beige adipogenesis in white adipose tissue, enhancing thermogenesis and energy expenditure.
- P. copri, a gut microbiota, expands during cold exposure and produces 3-phenylpropionic acid (3-PPA).
- 3-PPA promotes beige adipocyte formation and increases energy expenditure by signaling through free fatty acid receptor 1 in M2-like macrophages.
- This signaling induces CXCL13 secretion, recruiting T follicular helper cells to facilitate beige adipogenesis.
- Adipocyte progenitor cells generate new beige adipocytes in response to 3-PPA.
- 3-PPA supplementation counteracts high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice and promotes thermogenesis in mouse, pig, and human adipose progenitor cells.
- The findings highlight a microbiota-immune-adipose progenitor axis regulating cold adaptation and suggest microbial metabolites as potential metabolic therapies.