Gut-Lung Microbiota Axis Shapes the Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapeutic Response in Lung Cancer - PubMed
3 days ago
- #immunotherapy
- #gut-lung axis
- #lung cancer
- The gut-lung microbiota axis is crucial in shaping the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and influencing immunotherapeutic responses in lung cancer.
- Microbial dysbiosis in the lungs and gut contributes to lung cancer development by causing chronic inflammation, immune microenvironment remodeling, and metabolic reprogramming.
- Lung cancer patients show distinct microbial signatures, including altered diversity and specific taxa enrichment (e.g., Streptococcus, Veillonella, Bacteroidetes in airways; decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in gut).
- Microbial alterations promote tumor progression via pro-inflammatory pathways (e.g., IL-17/IL-23 axis) and suppression of antitumor immunity.
- Immunotherapeutic efficacy is influenced by the gut-lung microbiome: responders have beneficial microbes (e.g., Akkermansia muciniphila, Bifidobacterium), while non-responders show immunosuppressive microbes (e.g., Gammaproteobacteria, Fusobacterium).
- Regulatory mechanisms include microbial metabolites (e.g., short-chain fatty acids) and signaling pathways (e.g., cGAS-STING, CD40L-CD40/NF-κB).
- Potential applications include microbial biomarkers for diagnosis and therapy response prediction, as well as interventions like fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and probiotics.
- Future research should focus on microbe-host interactions and personalized microbiota-based strategies to enhance immunotherapy.