Innate immune recognition and evasion strategies of hepatitis B virus: from DNA to RNA and viral proteins - PubMed
6 hours ago
- #immune evasion
- #innate immunity
- #HBV
- Innate immunity detects HBV through PAMPs, inducing interferons and interferon-stimulated genes.
- HBV evades immune detection via cccDNA's low immunogenicity and dampened cGAS-STING signaling.
- Nuclear IFI16 and ABCF1 bind cccDNA to suppress transcription; APOBEC3A deamination requires strong interferon signaling.
- TLR3/7/8 and RIG-I sense HBV RNA; HBV counters RLR pathways via ADAR1, TIAR, and metabolic checkpoints.
- HBsAg blocks IFN induction by inhibiting the TAK1-TAB2-NF-κB/IRF axis.
- HBx sustains cccDNA transcription by degrading Smc5/6 and broadly suppresses PRR/IFN signaling; TRIM25 acts as a host restriction factor.
- Potential therapeutic strategies include PRR agonists, MAVS sensitization, metabolic disinhibition, and targeting the HBx-DDB1 axis.