Apoptotic extracellular vesicles derived from MSCs exposed to hypoxic and inflammatory environments slow intervertebral disc degeneration by enhancing cell activity and regulating immunity microenviro
7 hours ago
- #Macrophage polarization
- #Apoptotic extracellular vesicles
- #Intervertebral disc degeneration
- Apoptotic extracellular vesicles (ApoEVs) from MSCs in hypoxic-inflammatory environments slow intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD).
- I-ApoEVs (pretreated with hypoxic-inflammatory conditions) more effectively inhibit NPCs senescence and promote ECM synthesis compared to conventional ApoEVs.
- I-ApoEVs target the STAT6 signaling pathway, inducing M2 macrophage polarization to remodel the inflammatory microenvironment.
- This study provides a novel therapeutic strategy for IVDD by enhancing ApoEVs' function through microenvironment regulation.