Associations of diabetes mellitus with/without diabetic retinopathy and cognitive outcomes in older adults: the potential role of the dietary inflammatory index in a multi-dataset observational study

2 hours ago

The study examines the associations between diabetes mellitus (DM) with or without diabetic retinopathy (DR) and cognitive outcomes in older adults.
Data was sourced from three datasets: NHANES, UK Biobank (UKB), and the Wenzhou dataset, using different cognitive assessment methods.
The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) was calculated from dietary data in each dataset to measure dietary inflammatory profile.
Results showed poorer cognitive performance was associated with DM and higher DII in NHANES, while DR and higher DII were linked to worse outcomes among those with DM.
Exploratory mediation analyses indicated DII partially mediated the associations between DM/DR and cognitive impairment, with mediation percentages varying across datasets.
Higher DII levels were correlated with increased odds of cognitive function impairment in NHANES via restricted cubic spline analysis.
The study concludes that dietary inflammatory profile may play a role in cognitive dysfunction in older adults with DM/DR, calling for further prospective and randomized trials.

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