The immunometabolic network in obesity-associated insulin resistance: a systemic multi-organ and multi-cellular perspective - PubMed
5 hours ago
- #Insulin Resistance
- #Immunometabolism
- #Obesity
- Obesity is a global pandemic linked to chronic low-grade inflammation (meta-inflammation), leading to insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and cardiovascular issues.
- The immunometabolic network involves multiple organs and immune cells (macrophages, T cells, B cells, neutrophils) in adipose tissue, liver, muscle, pancreatic islets, and the CNS.
- Gut microbiota and metabolites influence systemic immune tone via the gut-liver and gut-brain axes.
- Key molecular pathways include PI3K/AKT, MAPK, TLR4/NF-κB, NLRP3 inflammasome, and AMPK/mTOR signaling, along with extracellular vesicles (EVs) and chemokines.
- Targeting the immunometabolic network offers therapeutic potential to restore metabolic homeostasis.