Molecular Mechanisms of Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Viral Infection - PubMed
4 days ago
- #Antibody-Dependent Enhancement
- #Viral Infection
- #Vaccine Development
- Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection occurs during secondary infections by certain viruses, mainly from the Flaviviridae family, including dengue, Zika, and West Nile viruses.
- There are two types of ADE: one mediated by Fc receptors and the other by complement system component receptors.
- Fc-mediated ADE involves four types of Fc receptors (FcRI, FcRIIa, FcRIIb, FccRIIIa) that bind virus-antibody complexes to target cells, leading to internalization.
- Fc-mediated viral uptake is an active process involving signaling molecules, increasing viral load and switching cells from antiviral to proinflammatory responses, aiding viral replication.
- FcRIIb, unlike other Fc receptors, inhibits virus-antibody complex capture and prevents ADE.
- ADE development post-vaccination is undesirable, making understanding its biochemical mechanisms crucial for vaccine and therapeutic antibody development.