Pathophysiological Role of the Gut Brain Axis in Parkinson's Disease: From Microbial Metabolites and Intestinal Permeability to Central Neuroinflammation - PubMed
5 hours ago
- #microbiome
- #neuroinflammation
- #neurodegenerative disorders
- Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by dopaminergic neuron loss and α-synuclein aggregation.
- The Gut-Brain Axis (GBA) plays a key role in PD pathophysiology, with gut microbiota dysbiosis linked to neuroinflammation and α-synuclein misfolding.
- Gastrointestinal symptoms like constipation often appear decades before motor symptoms, suggesting the gut as a potential origin of PD pathology.
- Microbial metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids and tryptophan metabolites, are altered in PD and contribute to disease mechanisms.
- Increased intestinal permeability may allow harmful substances to enter systemic circulation, promoting central neuroinflammation.
- Therapeutic strategies targeting the microbiome, such as diets, probiotics, prebiotics, and experimental phage therapy, show promising preliminary results.
- Current limitations include methodological inconsistencies and lack of longitudinal studies, requiring standardization and personalized approaches.
- Advancing gut-brain axis research offers opportunities for early biomarkers and interventions to delay PD progression and improve quality of life.