Four-Octyl Itaconate Alleviates Enterococcus faecalis-Induced Apical Periodontitis by Inhibiting Macrophage M1 Polarisation - PubMed
5 hours ago
- #apical periodontitis
- #Nrf2 pathway
- #macrophage polarisation
- Four-octyl itaconate (4-OI) reduces periapical bone destruction and inflammation in a mouse model of Enterococcus faecalis-induced apical periodontitis.
- 4-OI inhibits macrophage M1 polarisation both in vivo and in vitro, likely through activation of the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway.
- Inhibition of Nrf2 reduces the suppressive effect of 4-OI on M1 polarisation, confirming Nrf2's role in the mechanism.
- The study suggests 4-OI could be a valuable adjunct therapy for refractory apical periodontitis caused by E. faecalis.