Host-gut microbiota interactions in health and disease: mechanisms and intervention strategies - PubMed
5 hours ago
- #host-microbe interactions
- #microbiome interventions
- #gut microbiota
- The gut microbiota acts as a complex 'microbial organ' with a vast gene pool, producing metabolites like SCFAs, bile acids, and vitamins.
- These metabolites regulate key host functions including energy metabolism, immune homeostasis, and neural behavior via pathways like the gut-brain axis.
- There is a bidirectional regulatory relationship where the host's physiological state and lifestyle can alter the microbiota, forming a feedback network.
- Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota can damage the intestinal barrier, cause chronic inflammation, and disrupt metabolic and immune signaling.
- This dysregulation is linked to diseases such as type 2 diabetes, NAFLD, IBD, rheumatoid arthritis, and neurodegenerative disorders.
- Microbiota-based interventions like probiotics, prebiotics, and FMT show promise but face challenges like individual variability and long-term colonization.