More than Cysts: Decoding Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome from Cells to Solutions - PubMed

4 hours ago

PCOS is a heterogeneous endocrine syndrome affecting many women of reproductive age, impacting fertility, metabolic health, and overall well-being.
Key factors in PCOS pathogenesis include hyperandrogenism, hyperinsulinemia, and neuroendocrine dysfunction.
Genetics, epigenetics, and proinflammatory cytokines also contribute to PCOS development.
External factors like environmental chemicals may induce PCOS-like symptoms.
Follicular endoplasmic reticulum stress, gut microbiota, and bile acid metabolism play roles in PCOS.
Immune system regulation and immune cells are involved in PCOS pathophysiology.
Saturated fatty acids and vitamin D influence PCOS progression.
Non-pharmacological treatments include lifestyle changes (diet, exercise, acupuncture), supplements, herbs, and seed cycling.
Pharmacological treatments involve hormonal therapies, insulin-sensitizing agents, and antiandrogen drugs.
The review provides a holistic overview of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for PCOS management.

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