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TP-Link Tapo C200: Hardcoded Keys, Buffer Overflows and Privacy

8 hours ago
https://www.evilsocket.net/2025/12/18/TP-Link-Tapo-C200-Hardcoded-Keys-Buffer-Overflows-and-Privacy-in-the-Era-of-AI-Assisted-Reverse-Engineering/
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  • #IoT Security
  • #Reverse Engineering
  • #Vulnerability Disclosure
  • The author recommends starting reverse engineering with cheap IP cameras due to their self-contained ecosystems.
  • TP-Link Tapo C200 cameras are highlighted as affordable and stable devices for reverse engineering.
  • AI-assisted reverse engineering was used to analyze the Tapo C200 firmware, revealing several vulnerabilities.
  • The firmware was easily obtained from an open S3 bucket containing TP-Link's firmware repository.
  • Decryption of the firmware was achieved using the tp-link-decrypt tool, leveraging keys from TP-Link's GPL code releases.
  • Several security vulnerabilities were discovered, including pre-auth memory overflow, HTTPS integer overflow, WiFi hijacking, and nearby WiFi network scanning.
  • The vulnerabilities allow for remote attacks, including DoS, MitM, and physical location tracking of the cameras.
  • Disclosure attempts with TP-Link were met with delays, leading to public disclosure after 150 days without patches.
  • TP-Link's role as a CVE Numbering Authority (CNA) presents a conflict of interest, especially when using CVE counts for marketing.
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