Microbiome driven modulation of neurotransmitters: implications for neurotransmission and mood disorders - PubMed
3 hours ago
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- The gut microbiome regulates neurophysiological processes via the microbiota-gut-brain axis, primarily by altering neurotransmitter levels.
- Gut microorganisms can produce or break down key neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, GABA, glutamate, acetylcholine, and histamine.
- Microbial modulation affects neurotransmission through precursors, receptor sensitivity, synaptic signaling, and neuroimmune interactions.
- Key mechanisms include microbial metabolites (e.g., SCFAs), tryptophan metabolism changes, immune activation, vagus nerve signaling, and HPA axis regulation.
- Altered microbiome composition is linked to mood disorders like depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia.
- Therapeutic approaches under investigation include probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and dietary interventions.