Emerging strategies in drug repurposing for decreasing the risk of age-related macular degeneration - PubMed
2 days ago
- #metformin
- #drug-repurposing
- #AMD
- Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss in older adults, characterized by damage to the central visual field.
- Drug repurposing offers a promising strategy for AMD treatment by utilizing medications with established safety profiles, such as anti-diabetic agents (metformin, GLP-1RAs, insulin).
- Key mechanisms in AMD pathogenesis include oxidative stress, inflammation, and complement-mediated immune dysregulation.
- Metformin shows protective effects via AMPK activation, with studies indicating a modest reduction in AMD risk in both diabetic and non-diabetic populations.
- Other potential repurposed drugs include statins, glyburide, L-DOPA, fluoxetine, dimethyl fumarate, and nutraceuticals like curcumin and melatonin.
- AI-driven design and systems biology could enable personalized AMD prevention through multimodal risk stratification (genetic, metabolomic, microbiome data).
- Stratified clinical trials integrating bioinformatics and precision medicine are essential to validate effective repurposed drugs for AMD.