Adenosine A₂A receptor as a dual-acting molecular switch: Glial morphological changes and neurovascular tissue remodeling in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration - PubMed
7 days ago
- #Neurodegeneration
- #Neuroinflammation
- #Adenosine A₂A receptor
- Adenosine A₂A receptor (A₂AR) plays a dual role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.
- Moderate A₂AR activation reduces acute inflammation and supports neuronal survival, while prolonged activation increases glial activation and cytokine production.
- A₂AR signaling in microglia and astrocytes affects NF-κB and MAPK pathways, influencing oxidative stress, BBB stability, and excitotoxicity.
- Short-term A₂AR activation boosts anti-inflammatory cytokines like IL-10 and enhances neurotrophic support via BDNF.
- A₂AR antagonists (e.g., istradefylline, SCH58261) show potential in reducing microglial activation and providing neuroprotection.
- Complete A₂AR blockage disrupts adaptive immune control, highlighting the need for cell-specific modulation.
- Therapeutic strategies aim to target A₂AR in specific cell populations (astrocytes, microglia) while preserving peripheral immunoregulation.
- Understanding temporal and cell-specific A₂AR dynamics is key for developing neuroprotective treatments.