Repurposing metformin as a dual-function agent to combat E. coli-induced mastitis: Mechanistic insights into biofilm dispersion and AMPK/SIRT1-mediated NF-κB inhibition - PubMed
5 days ago
- #metformin
- #mastitis
- #antimicrobial resistance
- Metformin repurposed as a dual-function agent against E. coli-induced mastitis.
- Targets bacterial virulence (biofilm dispersion) and host inflammation (AMPK/SIRT1-mediated NF-κB inhibition).
- Phylogroup B1 identified as the most prevalent and resistant E. coli lineage (52.5%).
- Metformin inhibits and disperses biofilms, synergizing with β-lactam antibiotics.
- Downregulates bacterial genes critical for membrane integrity and metabolism.
- Attenuates inflammatory response in bovine mammary epithelial cells and animal models.
- Reduces bacterial colonization and suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokines in vivo.
- Mechanism involves AMPK/SIRT1 activation leading to NF-κB p65 deacetylation.
- Epigenetic regulation observed with increased chromatin compaction at inflammatory gene promoters.
- Provides a non-antibiotic strategy to combat antimicrobial resistance in mastitis.