Medications for Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy and the Risks for Adverse Birth Outcomes - PubMed

5 hours ago

Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) is common, but medication safety evidence is conflicting. This study compared birth outcomes among pregnant individuals exposed to NVP medications, those with untreated NVP, and those without NVP.
The study included 2,711 participants from 2010 to 2023. Overall, no increased risks of major congenital malformations, preterm birth, or small for gestational age (SGA) were found when comparing medication-exposed groups to untreated NVP or no NVP groups.
Ondansetron exposure was associated with a higher risk of SGA compared to untreated NVP (adjusted RR 1.80) and no NVP (adjusted RR 1.99), though this may be influenced by greater NVP severity rather than the medication itself.
Doxylamine and ondansetron were the most commonly used treatments. The findings support the safety of pharmacological NVP treatment when needed, providing reassurance for clinical use.

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