IgA Nephropathy: Epidemiology, Outcomes, and Insights for Primary Glomerulonephritides - PubMed
5 hours ago
- #IgA Nephropathy
- #Epidemiology
- #Chronic Kidney Disease
- Global Burden of Disease 2019 analysis reported 606,300 new cases of chronic kidney disease due to glomerulonephritis, with 17.3 million prevalent cases and 183,700 deaths.
- Between 1990 and 2019, the global burden of glomerulonephritis increased by 77% in incidence and 81% in prevalence, largely due to demographic aging and population growth.
- IgA Nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulopathy worldwide, with significant geographic and ethnic variation in incidence, highest in Europe and Asia and lowest in Africa.
- Pathogenesis of IgAN involves polygenic susceptibility, environmental modifiers, mucosal immune activation, infections, dietary factors, and gut microbiome alterations.
- IgAN increasingly coexists with chronic diseases like hypertension and diabetes, complicating diagnosis and treatment in aging societies.
- Epidemiology of IgAN is shifting from 'case counts' to a predictive tool integrating genetic, environmental, and molecular biomarker data, forming the foundation of precision nephrology.
- The review uses IgAN as a reference disease to illustrate broader epidemiological patterns, outcome trajectories, and methodological limitations relevant to primary glomerulonephritides.