Heat stress suppresses lactation through potential rumen-mammary communication mediated by extracellular vesicles: integrated analysis of microbiome, metabolome, and miRNA profiles - PubMed
5 hours ago
- #Extracellular vesicles
- #Rumen microbiome
- #Heat stress
- Heat stress (HS) significantly reduces milk yield, milk fat, and protein in dairy cows.
- HS alters rumen fermentation, decreasing pH and beneficial fatty acids like butyrate and valerate.
- The rumen microbiome under HS shows reduced beneficial bacteria (Prevotella, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus) and increased methanogenic taxa.
- HS enhances microbial methane metabolism and suppresses carbohydrate degradation, reducing energy for milk synthesis.
- Extracellular vesicle (EV)-derived miRNAs from plasma and milk change under HS, targeting stress, immune responses, and mammary function.
- The study suggests a rumen-mammary communication axis mediated by EVs and miRNAs under HS conditions.