Invasive Pneumococcal Disease burden, clinical characteristics, serotypes' distribution, immunization status and antimicrobial resistance: Evidence from 12-year hospital-based surveillance and cost an
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- #Pneumococcal Disease
- #Antimicrobial Resistance
- #Vaccine Impact
- The study evaluated 12-year (2012-2024) Invasive Pneumococcal Disease (IPD) burden and characteristics at a hospital in northern Italy, covering 234 cases.
- Most cases were in males aged ≥65, with bacteremia and pneumonia as the most frequent presentation (55.6%).
- Obesity and splenectomy were linked to higher risk of severe outcomes.
- Serotypes 3 and 8 were most common overall, while vaccinated patients showed higher frequency of serotypes 15A, 14, 19A, and 15C.
- Resistance rates: macrolide resistance in 26.9% and beta-lactam resistance in 14.9% of isolates.
- Vaccine coverage: PCV13 prevented 34.5% of cases, PCV15 added 5.1%, PCV20 covered 21%, and V116 covered 14.4%, with vaccine-preventable serotypes causing 64% of cases (56% in patients ≥65).
- Vaccinated patients had shorter hospital stays (median 8 vs. 16 days) and lower costs (€3313 vs. €5101).
- IPD surveillance is crucial for prevention strategies, showing vaccination reduces disease severity and costs but highlights gaps due to serotype replacement.