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Systemic Interleukin-4 Application Promotes Functional Recovery and Reprograms Neuroinflammatory and Molecular Responses after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats - PubMed

2 days ago
  • #Spinal cord injury
  • #Neuroinflammation
  • #IL-4
  • Systemic Interleukin-4 (IL-4) application improves functional recovery in rats after spinal cord injury (SCI).
  • IL-4 therapy promotes M2-macrophage polarization, reduces pro-inflammatory signaling, and enhances tissue repair.
  • Functional recovery was assessed using BBB scale, CatWalk XT gait analysis, and gridwalk testing.
  • IL-4-treated rats showed improved BBB scores and gait parameters by 14 days post-injury.
  • RNA sequencing and proteomics revealed upregulation of axonogenesis and reduced TNF-α-mediated inflammation.
  • Immunohistochemistry confirmed increased M2-macrophages, reduced M1-macrophages, and smaller cystic cavities in IL-4-treated rats.
  • Serum profiling showed suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in IL-4-treated rats, correlating with better outcomes in SCI patients.
  • IL-4 administration shifts macrophage polarization, reduces astrogliosis, and supports neuroprotection and immune modulation.