Hypofractionated Radiotherapy Induces ISG15+MHC-I+ Neutrophils to Augment Anti-Tumor Immunity and Prime Immune Checkpoint Blockade Responses in Rectal Cancer - PubMed
2 months ago
- #Neutrophils
- #Hypofractionated Radiotherapy
- #Immunotherapy
- Hypofractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) combined with immunotherapy shows promise in treating locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).
- HFRT increases ISG15+MHC-I+ neutrophil infiltration, which enhances antigen presentation and anti-tumor immunity.
- Mechanistically, HFRT promotes IFN-α release, activating the NOD1/NF-κB pathway to drive MHC-I expression in neutrophils.
- Adoptive transfer of ISG15+MHC-I+ neutrophils in mice boosts CD8+ T cell infiltration and synergizes with anti-PD-1 therapy to suppress tumor growth.
- This study identifies a novel neutrophil subset that converts 'cold' tumors to 'hot' phenotypes, improving immunotherapy efficacy in microsatellite stable LARC.