Lead-Attributable Cardiovascular Disease Burden: Global Burden of Disease Study 2023 - PubMed
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- #global burden of disease
- #lead exposure
- #cardiovascular disease
- Lead exposure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, contributing to significant global burden.
- Higher bone lead levels are strongly associated with increased CVD mortality risk, with a dose-response relationship.
- In 2023, lead exposure was attributable to 3.5 million deaths and 71.6 million disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) globally.
- Lead accounted for 5.8% of all global deaths and was the eighth leading risk for mortality, second among environmental risks.
- Strengthened surveillance, regulation, and remediation are urgently needed to reduce lead-attributable CVD burden.