Tumor immune-vascular crosstalk: synergy and translation of immune checkpoint inhibitors and anti-angiogenic agents in melanoma - PubMed
5 hours ago
- #anti-angiogenic therapy
- #immune checkpoint inhibitors
- #melanoma
- Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer.
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved treatment but face limitations like suboptimal response rates and resistance.
- Combining ICIs with anti-angiogenic agents shows synergistic antitumor potential.
- Mechanisms of synergy include cross-regulation between immune checkpoints and angiogenic factors (e.g., VEGF, ANG-2).
- Anti-angiogenic agents remodel the tumor immune microenvironment, while ICIs feedback-regulate angiogenesis.
- Preclinical studies show vascular normalization and enhanced T-cell infiltration, reversing immunosuppression.
- Clinical studies confirm superior efficacy and acceptable safety of combination therapy in advanced melanoma cases.
- Combination therapy may increase adverse events like cardiovascular complications but can be managed.
- ICI-based combination therapy with anti-angiogenic agents is a promising paradigm for melanoma treatment.
- Future research should focus on biomarker discovery and personalized precision strategies.