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The Internet Is Cool. Thank You, TCP

8 days ago
https://cefboud.com/posts/tcp-deep-dive-internals/
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  • #TCP
  • #Internet
  • #Networking
  • TCP is the workhorse of the internet, ensuring reliable data transmission despite network unreliability.
  • TCP operates at the transport layer, using ports to direct data to the correct application on a host.
  • TCP handles packet loss, corruption, duplication, and reordering, shielding developers from these issues.
  • Flow control in TCP prevents overwhelming the receiver by managing buffer space via the window field in TCP segments.
  • Congestion control in TCP prevents network overload by adjusting data transmission rates based on network conditions.
  • A simple TCP server example demonstrates socket creation, binding, listening, and accepting connections.
  • TCP segments include fields like sequence numbers, acknowledgment numbers, flags (SYN, ACK, FIN, RST), and window size for reliable communication.
  • The TCP three-way handshake (SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK) establishes connections, while a four-way handshake (FIN, ACK, FIN, ACK) terminates them.
  • TCP checksums ensure data integrity by verifying the correctness of transmitted segments.
  • The internet's reliability and scalability are largely due to TCP's robust mechanisms.
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