Stress-immune-Repigmentation niche in vitiligo: Mechanistic integration and therapeutic implications - PubMed
7 hours ago
- #JAK inhibitors
- #Vitiligo
- #Ferroptosis
- Vitiligo is an autoimmune disorder causing melanocyte loss with a chronic relapsing course.
- Immune activation, cellular stress responses, and microenvironmental imbalance drive disease activity and repigmentation stability.
- Interferon-γ-driven JAK/STAT signaling promotes cytotoxic T cell recruitment, reinforcing melanocyte-directed inflammation.
- Impaired Nrf2-mediated antioxidant defenses and lipid peroxidation lower melanocyte resilience, potentially leading to ferroptosis.
- Persistence and recurrence are linked to IL-15-supported tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells and inflammatory microenvironments.
- Topical and systemic JAK inhibitors show repigmentation benefits.
- Emerging strategies target immune memory and restore the repigmentation niche through various pathways.
- Future progress requires biomarker-guided stratification and well-designed randomized trials for combination regimens.