Combined prognostic impact of complex karyotype and KIT mutations refines risk stratification in t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia - PubMed
6 hours ago
- #complex karyotype
- #KIT mutations
- #t(8;21) AML
- t(8;21) AML is traditionally considered favorable-risk, but relapse occurs in 30%-50% of patients, showing underlying heterogeneity.
- Complex karyotype (CK) and KIT mutations are independent predictors of poor outcomes: CK with inferior overall survival, and KIT mutations with inferior disease-free and event-free survival.
- An integrated risk stratification model categorizes patients into three groups: low-risk (CK-/KIT-), intermediate-risk (CK+ or KIT+), and high-risk (CK+/KIT+), with 5-year overall survival rates of 72.8%, 58.3%, and 41.6%, respectively.
- Minimal residual disease (MRD) positivity at complete remission is associated with inferior relapse-free survival and offers complementary prognostic information.
- Biologically, high-risk cases show prominent KIT driver mutations and enrichment for stem cell maintenance pathways, supporting the need for risk-adapted therapy.