A Review of Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Disease: Comprehensive Theory and Evidence for Mechanisms of Action - PubMed
3 days ago
- #neuromodulation
- #vagus nerve stimulation
- #bioelectronic medicine
- Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an approved therapy for epilepsy, depression, obesity, stroke rehabilitation, rheumatoid arthritis, migraine, and cluster headaches.
- The therapeutic potential of VNS extends to neurological, psychiatric, cardiovascular, immunological, metabolic, and gastrointestinal disorders.
- The review integrates current knowledge on VNS mechanisms, including neuromodulator release, synaptic plasticity, autonomic regulation, neuroimmune control, and endocrine integration.
- Key limitations of VNS include biological heterogeneity, technical constraints, and methodological variability.
- Future innovations in VNS may include selective fiber targeting, closed-loop systems, and AI-guided personalization.
- The review serves as a foundational resource for advancing precision neuromodulation and bioelectronic medicine.