Burdens and risk factors for female esophageal cancer from 1990 to 2021 with projections to 2050: a cross-sectional study - PubMed
3 hours ago
- #global health
- #esophageal cancer
- #risk factors
- Female esophageal cancer burden decreased globally from 1990 to 2021, with age-standardized rates declining for incidence, mortality, and DALYs.
- Only Western Sub-Saharan Africa saw an increase in age-standardized rates during this period.
- Higher sociodemographic index (SDI) correlates negatively with lower burden and decreasing trends (negative EAPC).
- Primary risk factors vary by region: tobacco leads in high and middle-high SDI areas; low vegetable diet dominates in lower SDI regions.
- 15 countries identified with greatest potential for improvements in burden reduction.
- Projections to 2050 indicate continued global decline in burden, with Western Sub-Saharan Africa showing very slow decrease.