Small extracellular vesicles as emerging biomarkers and therapeutic targets in neurodegenerative diseases - PubMed
3 hours ago
- #Biomarkers
- #Neurodegenerative diseases
- #Extracellular vesicles
- Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are emerging as key players in neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), serving both as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
- sEVs facilitate intercellular communication and carry molecular signatures from neuronal, glial, and systemic processes, aiding in disease diagnosis.
- Technological advances like immunoaffinity capture and multi-omics profiling enable precise characterization of sEVs for diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
- Challenges in diagnostic translation include methodological heterogeneity, lack of large-scale validation, and standardization issues.
- Therapeutically, sEVs from stem cells show neuroprotective effects, including modulating neuroinflammation and enhancing synaptic resilience.
- Barriers to therapeutic use include scalable manufacturing, cargo-loading strategies, targeting specificity, and long-term safety concerns.
- The review calls for multidisciplinary efforts to address validation, scalability, and regulatory readiness for sEV-based applications in NDDs.