A comparative study of incidence rate and severity of influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus associated hospitalisation in older adults in Jiangsu Province, China: a retrospective analysis of

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Influenza virus (IFV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) show comparable hospitalization rates in older adults in Jiangsu Province, China, with rates peaking in 2023 at 116 and 98 per 100,000 person-years, respectively.
RSV-associated hospitalizations are significantly more severe than those from IFV, with a 1.47 times higher risk of severe outcomes, including mechanical ventilation, ICU admission, or in-hospital mortality.
Older age and male gender are identified as independent risk factors for severe cases in both IFV and RSV hospitalizations among the elderly population.
The study highlights the need for RSV vaccination in older adults in China, similar to influenza, given its comparable burden and higher severity, supporting public health recommendations for both vaccines.

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