Immune correlates of HIV-1 rebound during broadly neutralizing antibody treatment in young children - PubMed
5 days ago
- #NK cells
- #HIV-1
- #bnAbs
- Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) are being evaluated as alternatives to standard antiretroviral treatment (ART) for controlling HIV-1 replication.
- A study analyzed proviral reservoir dynamics and immune responses in young children from Botswana who switched from ART to bnAbs (10-1074 and VRC01-LS).
- No significant changes in proviral sequence frequencies were observed during bnAb treatment, but selection of intact proviruses in repressive regions occurred in some participants.
- Faster viral rebound post-ART cessation was linked to higher proportions of KIR2DL1-positive NK cells.
- Delayed viral rebound and smaller viral reservoir were associated with elevated NKG2A-positive NK cells and the HLA-B-21M polymorphism.
- HIV-specific T cell responses were low and unrelated to viral reservoir size or clinical outcomes.
- Specific NK cell subsets and KIR-HLA interactions may influence HIV-1 rebound kinetics in young children on bnAbs.