National All-Cause Mortality Trends Among Adults With and Without CKD in the United States, 1999-2019 - PubMed
4 hours ago
- #mortality trends
- #NHANES
- #chronic kidney disease
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is highly prevalent in the U.S. and linked to premature death, especially from cardiovascular disease.
- This observational cohort study analyzed U.S. adults aged 20+ from NHANES (1999-2016) with mortality follow-up through 2019, defining CKD by eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m² or urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g.
- Age-standardized all-cause mortality rates for adults with CKD were 23.0 deaths/1,000 person-years in 1999-2004 and 21.8 in 2011-2016, showing a slight non-significant decline (average percent change -0.4%).
- Mortality trends varied by sex: rates declined in men with CKD (average percent change -3.0%) but increased in women (average percent change 2.3%).
- Adjusted relative risks for CKD-associated mortality were consistently about 2-fold higher compared to adults without CKD across all time periods.
- Limitations include the cross-sectional design of NHANES, which prevents analysis of CKD progression or incident cases during follow-up.
- Conclusions: All-cause mortality remained stable overall for adults with CKD but was twice as high as those without, with increasing trends in specific subgroups like women, suggesting a need for targeted public health strategies.