Dismantling S. aureus virulence: Latest advances in toxin neutralization and regulatory network-targeted anti-virulence strategies (2025) - PubMed
8 hours ago
- #Anti-virulence
- #Toxin neutralization
- #S. aureus
- The review discusses Staphylococcus aureus, a major cause of infections, worsened by antibiotic resistance (MRSA), biofilm formation, and virulence mechanisms.
- Anti-virulence strategies are highlighted as promising alternatives to antibiotics, focusing on disarming pathogens without killing them directly.
- Key advances include toxin-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (e.g., suvratoxumab, tosatoxumab), SaeR inhibitors, RNAIII-blocking peptides, and nanoparticle decoy systems.
- Natural compounds that modulate quorum sensing and toxin expression, as well as multivalent toxoid vaccines like LBT-SA7, are also covered.
- Preclinical and clinical data show toxin neutralization reduces disease severity and enhances antibiotic efficacy, though some trials have faced challenges.
- Challenges include virulence factor redundancy, strain heterogeneity, pharmacokinetics, and compensatory adaptations.
- Synergistic combinations with antibiotics and precision, multi-target regimens offer promise for treating resistant and biofilm-associated infections.