Reduced MGE burden, virulence optimization, and acid stress tolerance shape the clonal succession of MRSA ST59 - PubMed
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- #ST59
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- MRSA ST59 clone has replaced ST239 in China due to divergent evolutionary paths.
- ST239 accumulated resistance and genome degradation, while ST59 had reduced MGE burden and retained key virulence-associated MGEs.
- ST239's decline was due to fitness costs of multidrug resistance, pseudogenization, and a closed pan-genome.
- ST59 showed enhanced virulence with key determinants like chp and sraP deletions affecting survival and adhesion.
- ST59 demonstrated superior acid tolerance, linked to transcriptomic activation of transport and metabolic pathways.
- Epidemiological success requires a balance of reduced resistance, targeted virulence, and environmental adaptability.