Central nervous system disorders following haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a prospective case-control observational study from the Infectious Diseases Working Party and the Transplant Compli
3 days ago
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- Central nervous system disorders (CNSD) after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are a significant complication.
- The study aimed to characterize infectious (iCNSD) and non-infectious (niCNSD) CNSD post-HSCT.
- 237 patients (84 cases with CNSD and 153 controls without CNSD) were included from 20 centers in 11 countries.
- The frequency of CNSD post-HSCT was estimated at 2.9%.
- 25% of cases had proven/probable iCNSD, 56% had proven/probable niCNSD, and 19% had possible/unclassified CNSD.
- Human herpes virus-6 (meningo-)encephalitis was the most frequent iCNSD (43%).
- Vascular pathologies dominated niCNSD cases (32%).
- CNSD was a significant predictor of inferior overall survival (HR 2.96).
- 42% of deaths in the CNSD group were directly due to CNSD.
- Non-infectious causes of CNSD were more prevalent than infectious causes.