Smoking and risk of restless leg syndrome: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and Mendelian randomisation - PubMed
4 hours ago
- #meta-analysis
- #restless legs syndrome
- #smoking
- Smoking is associated with an increased risk of restless legs syndrome (RLS) based on a meta-analysis of 30 studies (OR = 1.40; 95% CI = 1.17, 1.67, P < 0.001).
- The risk of RLS is significantly higher in pregnant women who smoke (OR = 2.41; 95% CI = 1.39, 4.16, P = 0.002) compared to non-pregnant adults (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.09, 1.55, P = 0.004).
- Current smokers have a higher risk of RLS than former smokers (OR = 1.09; 95% CI = 1.02, 1.16, P = 0.01).
- Potential sources of heterogeneity include multi-centre studies, diagnostic criteria for RLS, and participants' age.
- Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses did not support a causal relationship between smoking and RLS (OR = 0.50; 95% CI = 0.16, 1.56, P = 0.23).
- Future research is needed to explore the biological mechanisms behind the observed association.