Translational regulation by oxidative desulfuration of tRNA modifications - PubMed
12 hours ago
- #translational regulation
- #oxidative stress
- #tRNA modifications
- Modifications in the anticodon region of tRNA, particularly 5-methyl-2-thiouridine derivatives (xm5s2U), are crucial for accurate protein synthesis.
- Oxidative desulfuration converts xm5s2U to 4-pyrimidinone derivatives (xm5h2U), identified in human cells and mouse tissues.
- Desulfurized tRNAs with mcm5h2U show impaired codon recognition and reduced aminoacylation for lysine, glutamate, and glutamine tRNAs.
- Cryogenic electron microscopy reveals structural changes in AAA/AAG decoding due to mcm5h2U at the ribosomal A-site.
- Oxidative desulfuration dynamically regulates codon recognition and protein synthesis under oxidative stress in human and mammalian cells.