Pleiotropic modulation of the gut-brain-lung axis by ketamine and its enantiomers - PubMed
3 hours ago
- #Ketamine
- #Gut-Brain-Lung Axis
- #Enantiomers
- Ketamine and its enantiomers (arketamine and esketamine) modulate the gut-brain-lung axis, offering anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, and barrier-protective effects.
- Ketamine helps restore microbial balance, normalize short-chain fatty acids, and reduce gut-derived inflammatory cell migration, correlating with reduced neuroinflammation and depressive behaviors.
- Enantiomer-specific effects: arketamine may provide more sustained neuroprotection and fewer adverse effects than esketamine.
- The findings highlight ketamine's broad therapeutic potential for neuropsychiatric and inflammatory diseases, but require further study on safety, dosing, microbiota-targeted strategies, and causal mechanisms.