The APL programming language source code (2012)

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APL originated as a mathematical notation invented by Kenneth E. Iverson in 1957, evolving into a programming language by 1966.
It emphasizes array processing and uses unconventional symbols, requiring a custom keyboard for input.
APL expressions are evaluated right-to-left, with automatic creation of vectors and arrays and no variable declarations.
The language includes a rich set of built-in functions and operators, reducing the need for loops and conditional branches.
APL\360, introduced for IBM System/360, was an interactive timesharing environment that combined an operating system and programming language.
APL is known for conciseness and elegance but can be cryptic, inspiring both admiration and criticism.
Iverson's work continued with the development of J, a modern dialect of APL, until his death in 2004.

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